Haryana

Haryana is a landlocked state situated in the northern part of India which carved out from Punjab and made as 17^th new Indian state on 01 November 1966 on the recommendation of Shah commission on basis of Linguistic.  Chandigarh is the capital of Haryana and shares with Punjab. The high court in Chandigarh is shared by two states Haryana and Punjab. 

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Haryana is one of the most developed states in India and took participated in the Green Revolution. Faridabad is the most populous district of Haryana and Panchkula is the least populous district.

History of Haryana: 

Haryana is a place of origin Indus valley civilization and Vedic culture. In ancient time, Haryana was known as Brahmavarta which means the emergence of Brahma-Lord on the land of Haryana and also known as “Aryavarta (the abode of Aryans) and Brahomoupdesa (Home of the Preaching of Vedic cultures and other rites).

Indus valley civilization in Haryana: 

• Haryana has many Indus valley civilization sites. The sites located in the Ghhagar river and Sarasvati river.
•  Rakhigari (Hissar district), Mithathal (Bhiwani district) and Banawali (Fatehabad)are some important sites in Haryana.
•  Rakhigari is the largest Indus valley civilization site, it spreads in 350 hectares but Mohenjo-Daro spreads only 300 hectares. 
• Mthatha is also known as “Eastern Domain of Indus valley civilization”.

Vedic civilization: 

• Haryana is the home of Vedic civilization. Vedas originated in the bank of the river Saraswati river on the holy city of Kurukshetra.
• The Vedas were written by Aryans in Sanskrit language and chanted their sacred mantras and hymens. 
• Haryana is considered as the birthplace of Hinduism in the bank of river Saraswati from the north between 2000 to 1500BCE.

State symbol of Haryana:

Haryana state Bird	Black Francolin
Haryana state animal	Black Buck
Haryana state Flower	Lotus
Haryana state Tree	Peepal

Haryana districts:

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 Haryana consists of 22 districts and Dadri is the 22nd district of Haryana in 2016. Haryana covers 44212 square km and has a 21st position in the area wise in India.

Districts of Haryana:

Mahendergarh	Fatehabad	Panipat	Sirsa
Faridabad	Bhiwani	Dadri	Rewari
Yamunanagar	Sonipat	Rohtak	Jind
Palwal	Mewat	Hissar	Ambala
Karnal	Kurukshetra	Kaithal	Gurugram
Panchkula	Jhajjar

Nickname of Haryana districts:

District	Nickname	District	Nickname
Panipat	Weaver city	Sonipat	Education city
Faridabad	Industrial city	Rohtak	Education Hub
Bhiwani	City of War Heroes	Palwal	Cotton city
Bhiwani	Kashi of Haryana	Hissar	Steel city
Sirsa	Sainto ki city	Karnal	Bowl of Rice
Kurushetra	Dharmnagri	Kaithal	Kapil muni city
Gurugram	Cybercity	Panchkula	Nano city

Haryana agriculture: 

• Haryana is an agriculture dominant state. Haryana is the largest exporter of Basmati rice (60% of total production). 
• Haryana agriculture land is approximately 3.8 million hectares. 
• Haryana is also known as “Bowl of Wheat”. 
• District of Kaithal, karnal, Jind, and Kurukshetra is collectively considered as “Bowl of Rice”. 
• Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agriculture University is the largest agriculture university in India and Asia.

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District first in Crops:

Crop	District
Rice	Karnal
Jawar	Rohtak
Bajara	Bhiwani
Maize	Panchkula
Wheat cotton	Sirsa
Cotton	Sirsa
sugarcane	Yamunanagar
Gram pea	Bhiwani
Mustard	Mahendergarh

Haryana population: 

1. The total population of Haryana is 2.5 crore and has 18^th position in India.
2. Faridabad is the most populous district of Haryana and Panchkula is the least populous district.

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Urban population	34.88%
Rural population	65.12%
Density	573 km2
Literacy rate	75.6%
Sex ratio	879

Haryana religion: 

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Haryana is the Hindu dominant state but other religions are also present.

Religion	Percentage
Hindu	87.40%
Muslim	07.03%
Sikh	04.91%
Christian	0.20%

Tourism of Haryana:

•  Haryana has many historical sites such as Rakhigai, Mitathal and Banawali which are Indus valley civilization. 
• There are many medieval architectural styles also present such as Quli Shah Ka Makbara and Jal mahal (Narnaul). 
• Many historical fighting held here such as Panipat (three battle of Panipat).
• Dharmnagri Kurushetra is famous all over the world and according to Epic Mahabharat explained the battlefield between Pandavas and Kauravas. Lord Krishna preached to Arjuna for “Bhagwat Gita”. 
• Haryana developed highway type tourism mainly in big cities. Haryana made many tourist resorts on the highway.

Tourist spot	District	Tourist spot	District
Kabuli bagh	Panipat	Kala Amab	Panipat
Blue jay	Panipat	Tajewala complex	Yamunanagar
Rangmahal of Birbal	Yamunanagar	Surajkund	Faridabad
Red robin resort	Bhiwani	Badkal lake	Faridabad
Rampura mahal	Rewari	Raja Nahar Singh haveli	Faridabad
Agroha	Hisar	Tiliyar lake	Rohtak
Asthal Bohar Math	Rohtak	Pandu pindars	Jind
Rao Mukanddas ka Chtta	Narnaul	Ibrahim khan tomb	Narnaul
Chor Gumabad	Narnaul	Shah kuli khan tomb	Narnaul
Kotla lake	Mewat	Gujari mahal	Hisar
Kingfisher resort	Ambala	Brahma Sarovar	Kurukshetra
Anjani ka Tilla	Kaithal	Sheikh Chilli tomb	Thanesar
Navgarh kund	Kaithal	Pataudi palace	Gurugram
Sultanpur bird sanctuary	Gurugram	Hot water spring	Sohana
Morni hills	Panchkula	Sheetala Mata temple	Gurugram
Kalka Shimla Himalayan railway	Kalka	Gauraeya resort	Bahadurgarh

Haryana festivals: 

Haryana is land of festivals. There are many festivals held during the basis of seasons.

Shivratri	Nirjala Ekadashi	Haryali Teej
Guganavmi	Navratri	Guru Nanak Jayanti
Janmastami	Naagpanchmi	Mahaveer jayanti
Gopastami	Ganesh Chaturthi	Rakshabandhan
Devuthani Ekadashi	Ramnavmi	Akshaya tritya
Kartik Purnima	Holi	Aahoi mata
Gangaur	Deepavali	Karwa chauth
Makar Sankarnti	Dashshera	Sheetala Saptami

Haryana airport: 

Haryana civil aviation started on 1 November 1966.

Civil Aviation airport:

Hisar	Narnaul
Bhiwani	Pinjore
Karnal

 

Aviation center:

Hisar	Pinjore
Karnal

Haryana in India: 

• Haryana is the first state to implement VAT.
• Haryana is the first state to start an old-age pension. 
• Haryana is the first position in the production of Mushroom.
•  Haryana is the first position in the production of refrigerators, tractors, cars and two-wheelers. 
• Haryana is the first state to connect villages to all-weather roads.
•  Haryana is the first state to start the “Beti Bacho and Beti Padho” scheme. 
•  Haryana is the first state to start a crop insurance scheme. 
• Haryana is the first state to start a free girl’s education up to a bachelor's degree.
•  Haryana is the first state in India which supply 100 % rural electrification in 1970.
•  Haryana is the first state to pay the highest pay to players. 
• Haryana is the first state to start a defense university in Gurugram. 
• Haryana is the first state to start a CNG train between Rewari to   Rohtak. 
• Haryana is the first state to start first private metro in Gurugram. 
• Haryana is the highest exporter of Basmati rice.
• Haryana has National Cactus and Succulent botanical garden and have more than 3500 species of Cactus which is first in Asia.
• Haryana is home of champions in which there are many sportspersons such as Yogeshwar Dutt, Kapil dev.etc. 
• Haryana has the largest number of rural crorepatis in India. 
• Haryana has the largest real estate company (DFL real estate) in India.

Famous personalities of Haryana:

Sunil Dutt	Actor
Juhi Chawla	Actoress
Manushi Chillar	Miss World
Satish Kaushik	Director, actor
Om Puri	Actor
Sunil Grover	Comedian
Pandit Jatin	Music composer
Pandit Lalit	Music composer
Baba Ramdev	Yoga Guru
Subash Chandra	Zee ltd owner
O.P. Jindal	Industrialist
Rohit Sardana	Journalist
Pandit Jasraj	Violinist
Sushma Swaraj	Politician
Arvind Kejriwal	Politician
Kapil dev	Cricketer
Sania Nehwal	Badminton
Sakhi malik	Wrestler
Virender Sehwag	Cricketer
Santosh Yadav	Mountaineer
Chetan Sharma	Cricketer
Vijender Singh	Boxer
Yoehghwar Dutt	wrestler
V.P.singh	Ex-Army chief
Geeta phogat	Wrestler

Important facts of Haryana:

First chief minister	Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
First governor	Sh. Dhramvir
Current chief minister	Sh. Manohar Lal khattar
Current governor	Sh. Satyadev Narayan Arya
First Newspaper	Haryana
First high court chief justice	Sh. Rampal
First Magzine	Haryana Sodh magazine
First university	Kurushetra university
Oldest Railway station	Rewari (1873)
First Ethanol plant	SONIPAT
First female speaker	Smt. Shamo Devi
Kingmaker	Ch. Devilal
Deenbandu	Sir Ch. Choturam